Unit 3: Grammar: Modals of Ability, Advice, etc. (أفعال ناقصة: القدرة، النصيحة، وغيرها)

Modal verbs express ability, permission, possibility, obligation, or advice. They are followed by the base form of the main verb (without 'to').

Modal	Use	Example
Can	Ability, Permission	I can speak French. Can I borrow your book?
Could	Past Ability, Polite Request	I could run fast when I was young. Could you open the door?
May	Permission (Formal), Possibility	May I borrow your pen? It may be sunny tomorrow.
Might	Possibility (less certain)	It might rain later, so take an umbrella.
Must	Obligation, Necessity	You must wear a seatbelt.
Should	Advice, Obligation	You should eat more vegetables.
Will	Future, Willingness	I will call you tomorrow.